def set_zeroes(matrix):
    if not matrix or not matrix[0]:
        return matrix
    rows, cols = len(matrix), len(matrix[0])
    first_row = any(value == 0 for value in matrix[0])
    first_col = any(row[0] == 0 for row in matrix)
    for r in range(1, rows):
        for c in range(1, cols):
            if matrix[r][c] == 0:
                matrix[r][0] = matrix[0][c] = 0
    for r in range(1, rows):
        for c in range(1, cols):
            if matrix[r][0] == 0 or matrix[0][c] == 0:
                matrix[r][c] = 0
    if first_row:
        for c in range(cols):
            matrix[0][c] = 0
    if first_col:
        for r in range(rows):
            matrix[r][0] = 0
    return matrix